Windows Command Prompt Network Commands – This tutorial describes basic networking commands and their arguments, options, and parameters. Learn essential networking commands used to troubleshoot computer networks.
This command is used to diagnose path related problems. In an IP network, routers exchange IP packets between source and destination. They receive IP packets from the source host and forward them in sequence until they reach the destination host. A sequence of routers between a source and a destination is called a path. An IP packet sent from a source host consists of a route through all the routers in a sequence that must reach the destination host.
Windows Command Prompt Network Commands
The tracert command prints the path. If all routers on the route are up, this command will print the entire route. If a router is down the path, this command prints the path to the last working router.
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Specifies the time in milliseconds to wait for a reply message from the router. If not received within the specified time, an asterisk (*) will be displayed. The default time is 4000 (4 seconds).
The ping command is used to test the connection between two hosts. It sends ICMP echo request messages to the destination. The destination host responds with ICMP reply messages. If the ping command receives a response from the destination host, it displays the response along with the round-trip time.
If you specify a hostname as an argument, the ping command uses the configured DNS server service to automatically translate the hostname to an IP address.
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This command displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings. This command is primarily used to view the IP addresses of computers configured to obtain IP addresses automatically.
Update the DHCP configuration for all adapters (if no adapters are specified) or for a specific adapter if the adapter parameter is included.
Sends a DHCPRELEASE message to the DHCP server to release the current DHCP configuration and either cancel the IP address configuration for all adapters (if no adapter is specified) or for a specific adapter if the adapter parameter is included.
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A computer needs two addresses to send an IP packet. These addresses are MAC address and IP address. The MAC address is the physical or hardware address of the National Identity Card. An IP address is the logical or software address of a national identifier. If a computer knows the destination computer’s IP address but not the destination computer’s MAC address, it uses the ARP protocol to find the destination computer’s MAC address.
The ARP protocol broadcasts a given IP address over a local network. The connected host responds to the broadcast with its MAC address. To avoid repetition, ARP stores the response in a table called ARP table. ARP maintains a separate ARP table for each National ID.
By default, this command displays the ARP table of the active NIC. If multiple NICs are installed on the computer, you can use the -a option with this command. If the -a option is used, the ARP command displays all ARP tables.
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To display the ARP cache entry for a specific IP address, specify the IP address with the -N option. For example, the following command displays the ARP cache table for the interface given the IP address 192.168.42.171.
This command displays active connections, ports the computer is listening on, Ethernet statistics, IP routing tables, and IP statistics.
The output of this command is organized into rows and columns. Each row represents a new connection or entry in the output. It has four columns. This column provides the following information about the row.
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Local Address:- This column shows the IP address of the local computer and the port number used. If the port is not yet established, the port number is displayed as an asterisk (*).
Foreign Address:- This column shows the IP address and port number of the remote computer to which the port is connected.
Shows active TCP connections, however, addresses and port numbers are shown numerically and no attempt is made to assign names.
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Protocol Displays connections for the protocol specified. In this case, the protocol can be TCP, UDP, tcpv6, or udpv6.
That’s it for this tutorial. If you like this tutorial, please share it with friends through your favorite social networking sites.
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The Windows operating system provides its user with a powerful tool, the Command Prompt, which allows us to access and configure system settings and data. In this article on ‘Network Commands’, we
